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\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f62\u6001<\/h1>\n<p><strong>2.1 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\u4e2d\u592e\u51c0\u6c34\u4e0e\u8f6f\u5316\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e2d\u592e\u51c0\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u4e00\u822c\u4ee5\u9897\u7c92\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u6216\u538b\u7f29\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u4e3a\u4e3b\u4f53\u6ee4\u6599\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u964d\u4f4e\u4f59\u6c2f\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u673a\u7269\u4e0e\u5f02\u8272\u5f02\u5473\uff1b\u8f6f\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u5219\u4ee5\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u6811\u8102\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u94a0\u79bb\u5b50\u7f6e\u6362\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u9499\u9541\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u6c34\u7684\u786c\u5ea6\u3002\u8f6f\u5316\u5904\u7406\u5bf9\u786c\u6c34\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u5177\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u51cf\u5c11\u7ba1\u8def\u4e0e\u52a0\u70ed\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7ed3\u57a2\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6539\u5584\u6d17\u6da4\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u8f6f\u5316\u4f1a\u4f7f\u51fa\u6c34\u94a0\u542b\u91cf\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5bf9\u9700\u8981\u9650\u5236\u94a0\u6444\u5165\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u5e94\u54a8\u8be2\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\u540e\u518d\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u54c1\u91c7\u7528\u65e0\u76d0\u6216\u7269\u7406\u963b\u57a2\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5176\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u8f6f\u5316\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e94\u5728\u7406\u89e3\u539f\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.3 \u8d85\u6ee4\u4e0e\u7eb3\u6ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8d85\u6ee4\u819c\u7684\u5b54\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6570\u5341\u7eb3\u7c73\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u622a\u7559*\u3001\u80f6\u4f53\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u75c5\u6bd2\u4e0e\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4e14\u591a\u6570\u4ea7\u54c1\u65e0\u9700\u7528\u7535\u3001\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u6d53\u6c34\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6210\u672c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u3001\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u4e0e\u90e8\u5206*\u526f\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u53bb\u9664\u80fd\u529b\u6709\u9650\u3002\u7eb3\u6ee4\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u4ecb\u4e8e\u8d85\u6ee4\u4e0e\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u90e8\u5206\u53bb\u9664\u4e8c\u4ef7\u79bb\u5b50\u4e0e\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u90e8\u5206\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5728\u9ad8\u7aef\u5bb6\u7528\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u7eb3\u6ee4\u819c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5206\u79bb\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u786c\u6c34\u4e0e\u5fae\u6c61\u67d3\u6c34\u6e90\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u9002\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u5bf9\u8fdb\u6c34\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u8f83\u4e3a\u654f\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.4 \u53cd\u6e17\u900f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u538b\u9a71\u52a8\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u7a7f\u8fc7\u534a\u900f\u819c\uff0c\u5c06\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u76d0\u7c7b\u3001\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u785d\u9178\u76d0\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u7269\u622a\u7559\u4e8e\u6d53\u6c34\u4fa7\uff0c\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\u4e2d\u51c0\u5316\u8303\u56f4\u6700\u5e7f\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6c34\u8d28\u590d\u6742\u6216\u5bf9\u51fa\u6c34\u7eaf\u5ea6\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5176\u6280\u672f\u8981\u70b9\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u819c\u5143\u4ef6\u54c1\u8d28\u3001\u9884\u5904\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5e9f\u6c34\u6bd4\u63a7\u5236\u4e0e\u50a8\u6c34\u65b9\u5f0f\u56db\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u65e0\u7f50\u76f4\u996e\u673a\u578b\u4e0e\u53d8\u9891\u589e\u538b\u6280\u672f\u9010\u6b65\u666e\u53ca\uff0c\u7f29\u77ed\u4e86\u51fa\u6c34\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u5e76\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u50a8\u6c34\u73af\u8282\u7684\u4e8c\u6b21\u6c61\u67d3\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u5728\u4e8e\u4ea7\u751f\u6d53\u6c34\u3001\u53bb\u9664\u77ff\u7269\u8d28\u8f83\u4e3a\u5f7b\u5e95\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u54c1\u901a\u8fc7\u540e\u7f6e\u77ff\u5316\u6ee4\u82af\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8282\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u6548\u679c\u9700\u4ee5\u516c\u5f00\u68c0\u6d4b\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.5 \u672b\u7aef\u996e\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u6ee4\u6c34\u5668\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u672b\u7aef\u996e\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u5305\u62ec\u53a8\u4e0b\u76f4\u996e\u673a\u3001\u53f0\u5f0f\u51c0\u996e\u4e00\u4f53\u673a\u3001\u5373\u70ed\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u3001\u9f99\u5934\u5f0f\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u6ee4\u6c34\u58f6\u7b49\u3002\u6ee4\u6c34\u58f6\u4ee5\u6d3b\u6027\u70ad\u4e0e\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea4\u6362\u6811\u8102\u590d\u5408\u6ee4\u82af\u4e3a\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f18\u52bf\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u95e8\u69db\u4f4e\u3001\u65e0\u9700\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u79df\u8d41\u4f4f\u623f\u4e0e\u8f7b\u5ea6\u51c0\u5316\u9700\u6c42\uff1b\u5c40\u9650\u5728\u4e8e\u5355\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u91cf\u6709\u9650\u3001\u6ee4\u82af\u66f4\u6362\u9891\u6b21\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e14\u51c0\u5316\u6df1\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u6709\u9650\u3002\u53a8\u4e0b\u4e0e\u53f0\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u8d8b\u5411\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u96c6\u6210\u52a0\u70ed\u3001\u5236\u51b7\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u51fa\u6c34\u4e0e\u6ee4\u82af\u5bff\u547d\u63d0\u793a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f15\u5165\u7d2b\u5916\u7ebf*\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u96c6\u6210\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6280\u672f\u98ce\u9669\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u6c34\u8def\u6750\u8d28*\u3001\u957f\u671f\u505c\u673a\u540e\u7684\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u6ecb\u751f\u4ee5\u53ca\u7535\u5b50\u90e8\u4ef6\u4e0e\u6d89\u6c34\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5bc6\u5c01\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.6 \u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u6a2a\u5411\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u53bb\u9664\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u662f\u5426\u8017\u7535<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u662f\u5426\u4ea7\u751f\u6d53\u6c34<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u5178\u578b\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u524d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/td>\n<td>\u6ce5\u6c99\u3001\u94c1\u9508\u3001\u60ac\u6d6e\u9897\u7c92<\/td>\n<td>\u5426<\/td>\n<td>\u5426<\/td>\n<td>\u5168\u5c4b\u8fdb\u6c34\u53e3\u4fdd\u62a4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4e2d\u592e\u51c0\u6c34<\/td>\n<td>\u4f59\u6c2f\u3001\u5f02\u5473\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u6709\u673a\u7269<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u578b\u53f7\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n<td>\u5426<\/td>\n<td>\u5168\u5c4b\u7528\u6c34\u54c1\u8d28\u63d0\u5347<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8f6f\u5316\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n<td>\u9499\u9541\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u786c\u5ea6\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u90e8\u5206\u578b\u53f7\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n<td>\u518d\u751f\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u5e9f\u6c34<\/td>\n<td>\u786c\u6c34\u533a\u57df\u5bb6\u5ead<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8d85\u6ee4<\/td>\n<td>*\u3001\u80f6\u4f53\u3001\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n<td>\u5426<\/td>\n<td>\u6c34\u8d28\u8f83\u597d\u533a\u57df\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u996e\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7eb3\u6ee4<\/td>\n<td>\u4e8c\u4ef7\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u90e8\u5206\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n<td>\u662f\uff08\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\uff09<\/td>\n<td>\u786c\u6c34\u4e0e\u5fae\u6c61\u67d3\u6c34\u6e90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u53cd\u6e17\u900f<\/td>\n<td>\u6eb6\u89e3\u76d0\u7c7b\u3001\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u785d\u9178\u76d0\u7b49<\/td>\n<td>\u9700\u8981<\/td>\n<td>\u662f<\/td>\n<td>\u6c34\u8d28\u590d\u6742\u6216\u9ad8\u7eaf\u5ea6\u9700\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h1>\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0 \u5168\u7403\u6807\u51c6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4\u6846\u67b6<\/h1>\n<p><strong>3.1 \u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u51c6\u5219<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u6c34\u8d28\u51c6\u5219\u300b\u662f\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u8def\u662f\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u5065\u5eb7\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6c34*\u7ba1\u7406\u201d\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4ece\u6c34\u6e90\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5168\u6d41\u7a0b\u98ce\u9669\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5404\u7c7b\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u3001\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u4e0e\u653e\u5c04\u6027\u6307\u6807\u63d0\u51fa\u6307\u5bfc\u503c\u3002\u51c6\u5219\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u6c34*\u8ba1\u5212\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5404\u73af\u8282\u8bc6\u522b\u5371\u5bb3\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u63a7\u5236\u70b9\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5bf9\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8be5\u51c6\u5219\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5224\u65ad\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u98ce\u9669\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u6c34\u8d28\u95ee\u9898\u5dee\u5f02\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u8131\u79bb\u672c\u5730\u6c34\u8d28\u8c08\u51c0\u5316\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u914d\u7f6e\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6216\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.2 \u7f8e\u56fd\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u6258\u975e\u8425\u5229\u6807\u51c6\u5236\u5b9a\u4e0e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u6784\u6240\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684NSF\/ANSI \u7cfb\u5217\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cNSF\/ANSI 42 \u9488\u5bf9\u611f\u5b98\u6548\u5e94\uff08\u5982\u4f59\u6c2f\u3001\u9897\u7c92\u7269\u3001\u53e3\u611f\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u6807\uff09\uff0cNSF\/ANSI 53 \u9488\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u5f71\u54cd\u76f8\u5173\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\uff0cNSF\/ANSI 58 \u9488\u5bf9\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0cNSF\/ANSI 401 \u9488\u5bf9\u65b0\u5174\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u4e0e\u5076\u53d1\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\uff0cNSF\/ANSI 372 \u5219\u9488\u5bf9\u6d89\u6c34\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u65e0\u94c5\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6807\u51c6\u5e76\u4e0d\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u660e\u786e\u201c\u5728\u4f55\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e9b\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4f55\u79cd\u53bb\u9664\u7387\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u58f0\u660e\u5e94\u5f53\u540c\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u6807\u51c6\u7f16\u53f7\u3001\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u53bb\u9664\u7387\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4ec5\u6807\u6ce8\u6807\u51c6\u7f16\u53f7\u800c\u4e0d\u62ab\u9732\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u660e\u7ec6\u7684\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.3 \u6b27\u76df\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u6307\u4ee4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6b27\u76df\u4e8e2020\u5e74\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u6307\u4ee4\uff08EU\uff092020\/2184 \u5bf9\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u7684\u6c34\u8d28\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u5165\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6c34*\u7ba1\u7406\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u4ece\u53d6\u6c34\u5230\u7528\u6237\u9f99\u5934\u7684\u5168\u94fe\u6761\u8fdb\u884c\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9\u4e0e\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u6750\u6599\u63d0\u51fa\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u536b\u751f\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u5173\u6ce8\u7269\u8d28\u6e05\u5355\u673a\u5236\u3002\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u8981\u6c42\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u5728\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u671f\u9650\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u56fd\u5185\u6cd5\u8f6c\u5316\u5e76\u9010\u6b65\u843d\u5b9e\u76f8\u5173\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u5bf9\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u4f01\u4e1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6d89\u6c34\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5408\u89c4\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0e\u5168\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6027\u5c06\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.4 \u5408\u683c\u8bc4\u5b9a\u4e0e\u6807\u8bc6\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5728\u9762\u5bf9\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6807\u8bc6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u4e09\u770b\u201d\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u4e00\u770b\u6807\u51c6\u7f16\u53f7\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u6807\u51c6\uff1b\u4e8c\u770b\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6e05\u5355\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u4ea7\u54c1\u58f0\u79f0\u53bb\u9664\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u662f\u5426\u5728\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff1b\u4e09\u770b\u8ba4\u8bc1\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u6784\u516c\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6838\u5bf9\u8bc1\u4e66\u7f16\u53f7\u4e0e\u6709\u6548\u671f\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u63d0\u9192\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u578b\u53f7\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u54c1\u724c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u578b\u53f7\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ee5\u54c1\u724c\u6574\u4f53\u5370\u8c61\u66ff\u4ee3\u5177\u4f53\u578b\u53f7\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.5 \u4e3b\u8981\u6807\u51c6\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u7167<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u9002\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NSF\/ANSI 42<\/td>\n<td>\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u611f\u5b98\u6548\u5e94\u76f8\u5173\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u53bb\u9664\u6548\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NSF\/ANSI 53<\/td>\n<td>\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u5065\u5eb7\u5f71\u54cd\u76f8\u5173\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u53bb\u9664\u6548\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NSF\/ANSI 58<\/td>\n<td>\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<td>\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NSF\/ANSI 401<\/td>\n<td>\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u88c5\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u65b0\u5174\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u4e0e\u5076\u53d1\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u53bb\u9664\u6548\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NSF\/ANSI 372<\/td>\n<td>\u6d89\u6c34\u90e8\u4ef6<\/td>\n<td>\u65e0\u94c5\u6750\u6599\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\uff08EU\uff092020\/2184<\/td>\n<td>\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u4f9b\u5e94\u5168\u94fe\u6761<\/td>\n<td>\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6c34*\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u6750\u6599\u63a5\u89e6\u8981\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ISO 24512<\/td>\n<td>\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u4e0e\u6c61\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6307\u5357\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4ef7\u601d\u8def<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h1>\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0 \u5168\u7403\u5e02\u573a\u683c\u5c40\u4e0e\u9700\u6c42\u9a71\u52a8<\/h1>\n<p><strong>4.1 \u9700\u6c42\u9a71\u52a8\u56e0\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5f62\u6210\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u81ea\u56db\u7c7b\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u6c34\u8d28\u98ce\u9669\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u4f59\u6c2f\u6c14\u5473\u3001\u6c34\u57a2\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u8001\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u5f02\u8272\u5f02\u5473\u7684\u76f4\u89c2\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u3001\u785d\u9178\u76d0\u7b49\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7c7b\u662f\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u80b2\u513f\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u6709\u5a74\u5e7c\u513f\u3001\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u6216\u5bf9\u996e\u6c34\u91cf\u4e0e\u996e\u6c34\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\u65f6\uff0c\u51c0\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u610f\u613f\u660e\u663e\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u7c7b\u662f\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u4e0e\u4f53\u9a8c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5373\u70ed\u3001\u5236\u51b7\u3001\u5b9a\u91cf\u51fa\u6c34\u4e0e\u6ee4\u82af\u5bff\u547d\u63d0\u793a\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5f71\u54cd\u8d2d\u4e70\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\u7c7b\u662f\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u74f6\u88c5\u6c34\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5851\u6599\u5305\u88c5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.2 \u533a\u57df\u7ed3\u6784\u5dee\u5f02<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5317\u7f8e\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u6e17\u900f\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6807\u8bc6\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u6ee4\u82af\u66ff\u6362\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u7ef4\u62a4\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8f83\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u540e\u5e02\u573a\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u5e02\u573a\u5448\u73b0\u51fa\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u201c\u5668\u5177\u5316\u201d\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u6ee4\u6c34\u58f6\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53d7\u5236\u4e8e\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6d89\u6c34\u6750\u6599\u6cd5\u89c4\uff0c\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0e\u6e20\u9053\u5728\u5408\u89c4\u4fe1\u606f\u62ab\u9732\u65b9\u9762\u666e\u904d\u8f83\u4e3a\u5ba1\u614e\u3002\u4e9a\u592a\u3001\u4e2d\u4e1c\u4e0e\u62c9\u7f8e\u90e8\u5206\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u589e\u957f\u52a8\u529b\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u5065\u5eb7\u652f\u51fa\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u5f62\u6001\u4ece\u8d85\u6ee4\u3001\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u53f0\u5f0f\u4e00\u4f53\u673a\u5e76\u884c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u6e20\u9053\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u7535\u5546\u4e0e\u5bb6\u88c5\u96f6\u552e\u4e3a\u4e3b\u3002\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5e02\u573a\u5448\u73b0\u201c\u6210\u719f\u5e02\u573a\u91cd\u66ff\u6362\u3001\u65b0\u5174\u5e02\u573a\u91cd\u88c5\u673a\u201d\u7684\u53cc\u8f68\u683c\u5c40\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>4.3 \u6e20\u9053\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u6f14\u8fdb<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6e20\u9053\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u5bb6\u7535\u96f6\u552e\u3001\u5bb6\u88c5\u5efa\u6750\u6e20\u9053\u3001\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0e\u4e0a\u95e8\u670d\u52a1\u6784\u6210\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8def\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7535\u5546\u6e20\u9053\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u6bd4\u8f83\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u4e0a\u5177\u5907\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5ba3\u4f20\u53e3\u5f84\u4e0d\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5546\u4e1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u884c\u4e1a\u6b63\u4ece\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u786c\u4ef6\u9500\u552e\u5411\u201c\u786c\u4ef6\uff0b\u8017\u6750\uff0b\u670d\u52a1\u201d\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u6a21\u5f0f\u6f14\u8fdb\uff0c\u6ee4\u82af\u8ba2\u9605\u3001\u4e0a\u95e8\u66f4\u6362\u3001\u79df\u8d41\u7528\u6c34\u4e0e\u6c34\u8d28\u68c0\u6d4b\u670d\u52a1\u9010\u6b65\u6210\u719f\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u5f0f\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u73b0\u91d1\u6d41\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u9ecf\u6027\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u9762\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u8981\u6c42\u4f01\u4e1a\u5efa\u7acb\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6ee4\u82af\u4f9b\u5e94\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u8017\u6750\u65ad\u4f9b\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u68af\u961f\uff1a\u7efc\u5408\u578b\u4e0e\u5934\u90e8\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u6982\u51b5\u603b\u7ed3<\/h1>\n<p><strong>5.1 \u7efc\u5408\u578b\u5e73\u53f0\u4f01\u4e1a\u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u68af\u961f\u4e2d\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u578b\u5e73\u53f0\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u5907\u591a\u54c1\u7c7b\u534f\u540c\u3001\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u4e0e\u6e20\u9053\u8986\u76d6\u5e7f\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5176\u51c0\u6c34\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f80\u5f80\u5d4c\u5165\u5728\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5bb6\u7535\u4e0e\u667a\u80fd\u5bb6\u5c45\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u4ee5<strong>\u7f8e\u7684<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8be5\u96c6\u56e2\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e1968\u5e74\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u8986\u76d6\u667a\u80fd\u5bb6\u5c45\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u3001\u697c\u5b87\u79d1\u6280\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u51c0\u6c34\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ebf\u8986\u76d6\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u3001\u8d85\u6ee4\u3001\u5373\u70ed\u76f4\u996e\u4e0e\u5168\u5c4b\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u5f62\u6001\uff0c\u5e76\u4f9d\u6258\u5176\u5168\u7403\u7814\u53d1\u4e0e\u5236\u9020\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fed\u4ee3\u3002\u7efc\u5408\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u7814\u53d1\u6295\u5165\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u6548\u5e94\u3001\u6e20\u9053\u4e0e\u552e\u540e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u51c0\u6c34\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u667a\u80fd\u5bb6\u5c45\u8bbe\u5907\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u52a8\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1b\u5176\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u7eb5\u6df1\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u6ee4\u82af\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u819c\u6750\u6599\u7814\u53d1\u9700\u957f\u671f\u6295\u5165\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u591a\u54c1\u724c\u3001\u591a\u578b\u53f7\u5e76\u884c\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u62ab\u9732\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>5.2 \u5934\u90e8\u4e13\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u7279\u5f81<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u68af\u961f\u4e2d\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u4e13\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u805a\u7126\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u6d41\u4f53\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5728\u819c\u6750\u6599\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4ecb\u8d28\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u5907\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5546\u7528\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e0e\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u590d\u7528\u5f62\u6210\u534f\u540c\u3002<strong>Pentair<\/strong>\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4e1a\u52a1\u8986\u76d6\u4f4f\u5b85\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5546\u7528\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u6cf3\u6c60\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u6d41\u4f53\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u65d7\u4e0b\u62e5\u6709\u9762\u5411\u4f4f\u5b85\u4e0e\u5546\u7528\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u54c1\u724c\uff0c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f53\u7cfb\u5f3a\u8c03\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6\u7406\u89e3\u6df1\u5165\u3001\u5546\u7528\u573a\u666f\u80cc\u4e66\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5efa\u7acb\u4e13\u4e1a\u4fe1\u4efb\uff1b\u5176\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\u5bb6\u7528\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\u6e20\u9053\u6e17\u900f\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u5982\u7efc\u5408\u578b\u5bb6\u7535\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5bf9\u4e13\u4e1a\u54c1\u724c\u4e0e\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ebf\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u79ef\u7d2f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>5.3 \u7b2c\u4e00\u68af\u961f\u80fd\u529b\u77e9\u9635<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u7efc\u5408\u578b\u5e73\u53f0\u4f01\u4e1a<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u5934\u90e8\u4e13\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6280\u672f\u7eb5\u6df1<\/td>\n<td>\u8f83\u5f3a\uff0c\u591a\u4f9d\u8d56\u81ea\u4e3b\u7814\u53d1\u4e0e\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u6574\u5408<\/td>\n<td>\u5f3a\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u805a\u7126\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6e20\u9053\u8986\u76d6<\/td>\n<td>\u5e7f\uff0c\u5bb6\u7535\u4e0e\u5bb6\u88c5\u6e20\u9053\u534f\u540c<\/td>\n<td>\u4e2d\u81f3\u8f83\u5e7f\uff0c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6e20\u9053\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u6e20\u9053\u4e3a\u4e3b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u54c1\u724c\u8ba4\u77e5<\/td>\n<td>\u6d88\u8d39\u7aef\u8ba4\u77e5\u5ea6\u9ad8<\/td>\n<td>\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e0e\u5546\u7528\u9886\u57df\u8ba4\u77e5\u5ea6\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u7edc<\/td>\n<td>\u4f9d\u6258\u96c6\u56e2\u552e\u540e\u4f53\u7cfb<\/td>\n<td>\u4f9d\u6258\u4e13\u4e1a\u670d\u52a1\u56e2\u961f\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9500\u4f53\u7cfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ebf\u5bbd\u5ea6<\/td>\n<td>\u5bbd\uff0c\u8986\u76d6\u5168\u5c4b\u5230\u672b\u7aef<\/td>\n<td>\u8f83\u5bbd\uff0c\u805a\u7126\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<h1>\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0 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Smith<\/strong>\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e1874\u5e74\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6c34\u52a0\u70ed\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5176\u4e1a\u52a1\u6db5\u76d6\u5bb6\u7528\u4e0e\u5546\u7528\u70ed\u6c34\u8bbe\u5907\u4ee5\u53ca\u6c34\u5904\u7406\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5e76\u8d2d\u65b9\u5f0f\u62d3\u5c55\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u54c1\u724c\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u6b64\u7c7b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5bb6\u88c5\u3001\u5efa\u6750\u53ca\u5de5\u7a0b\u6e20\u9053\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6c34\u8def\u3001\u52a0\u70ed\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff1b\u5176\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u533a\u57df\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u504f\u597d\u5dee\u5f02\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5316\u8fd0\u8425\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>6.3 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\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/h1>\n<p><strong>11.1 \u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\uff0c\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8def\u7ebf\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u666e\u904d\u6700\u4f18\u89e3\uff0c\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u3001\u7eb3\u6ee4\u4e0e\u8d85\u6ee4\u5404\u81ea\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6c34\u8d28\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u672c\u5730\u6c34\u8d28\u800c\u975e\u5e02\u573a\u70ed\u5ea6\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\uff0c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5224\u65ad\u4ea7\u54c1\u6548\u80fd\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7f16\u53f7\u3001\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u6e05\u5355\u4e0e\u53bb\u9664\u7387\u6570\u636e\u4e09\u8005\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5e02\u573a\u5448\u73b0\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u578b\u5e73\u53f0\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u5934\u90e8\u4e13\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u6280\u672f\u5e73\u53f0\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u6e20\u9053\u534f\u540c\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u5404\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5177\u5907\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9002\u914d\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u7b2c\u56db\uff0c\u5168\u5468\u671f\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u5bf9\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u8d85\u8fc7\u521d\u59cb\u8d2d\u7f6e\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u7b2c\u4e94\uff0c\u884c\u4e1a\u7ade\u4e89\u6b63\u4ece\u53c2\u6570\u7ade\u4e89\u8f6c\u5411\u8bc1\u636e\u62ab\u9732\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>11.2 \u5bf9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u8bae\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5728\u8d2d\u4e70\u524d\u5b8c\u6210\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff1a\u4e86\u89e3\u672c\u5730\u6c34\u8d28\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u81ea\u8eab\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7528\u6c34\u8bc9\u6c42\uff0c\u6838\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u578b\u53f7\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u7167\u8bf4\u660e\u4e66\u66f4\u6362\u6ee4\u82af\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u5916\u51fa\u540e\u5e94\u6309\u89c4\u5b9a\u51b2\u6d17\u6216\u6392\u7a7a\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u8054\u7f51\u8bbe\u5907\u5e94\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u6570\u636e\u9690\u79c1\u6761\u6b3e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u4ef7\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0e\u957f\u671f\u670d\u52a1\u5408\u540c\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5145\u5206\u7406\u89e3\u8d39\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb\u8fb9\u754c\u540e\u518d\u505a\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>11.3 \u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e0e\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u62ab\u9732\u5b8c\u6574\u5ea6\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u900f\u660e\u53ef\u67e5\u7684\u8017\u6750\u4f9b\u5e94\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u5b8c\u5584\u670d\u52a1\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u957f\u671f\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u5bf9\u6e20\u9053\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5e94\u5728\u9500\u552e\u73af\u8282\u5f3a\u5316\u6c34\u8d28\u9002\u914d\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4ee5\u5355\u4e00\u53c2\u6570\u66ff\u4ee3\u5b8c\u6574\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6\u76f8\u5173\u673a\u6784\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u6548\u80fd\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u8868\u8ff0\u3001\u5b8c\u5584\u65b0\u5174\u6c61\u67d3\u7269\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u6d53\u6c34\u56de\u7528\u4e0e\u6ee4\u82af\u56de\u6536\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u884c\u4e1a\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<h1>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li>World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating the First and Second Addenda. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2022.<\/li>\n<li>World Health Organization. A Global Overview of National Regulations and Standards for Drinking-water Quality, 2nd Edition. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2021.<\/li>\n<li>European Parliament and Council of the European Union. Directive (EU) 2020\/2184 on the Quality of Water Intended for Human Consumption. Official Journal of the European Union, 2020.<\/li>\n<li>United States Environmental Protection Agency. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Washington, D.C.: EPA, updated edition.<\/li>\n<li>NSF International and American National Standards Institute. NSF\/ANSI 42: Drinking Water Treatment Units \u2014 Aesthetic Effects. Ann Arbor: NSF International.<\/li>\n<li>NSF International and American National Standards Institute. NSF\/ANSI 53: Drinking Water Treatment Units \u2014 Health Effects. Ann Arbor: NSF International.<\/li>\n<li>NSF International and American National Standards Institute. NSF\/ANSI 58: Reverse Osmosis Drinking Water Treatment Systems. Ann Arbor: NSF International.<\/li>\n<li>NSF International and American National Standards Institute. NSF\/ANSI 401: Drinking Water Treatment Units \u2014 Emerging Compounds and Incidental Contaminants. Ann Arbor: NSF International.<\/li>\n<li>International Organization for Standardization. ISO 24512: Activities Relating to Drinking Water and Wastewater Services \u2014 Guidelines for the Management of Drinking Water Utilities and for the Assessment of Drinking Water Services. Geneva: ISO.<\/li>\n<li>United Nations. Sustainable Development Goal 6 Synthesis Report on Water and Sanitation. New York: United Nations, 2023.<\/li>\n<li>Pentair plc. Annual Report and Sustainability Report. London: Pentair plc, published annually.<\/li>\n<li>A. O. Smith Corporation. Annual Report on Form 10-K. Milwaukee: A. O. Smith Corporation, published annually.<\/li>\n<li>3M Company. Annual Report on Form 10-K and Sustainability Report. Saint Paul: 3M Company, published annually.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>\u672f\u8bed\u8bf4\u660e<\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5bb6\u7528\u51c0\u6c34\u5668\uff1a<\/strong>\u672c\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u5bb6\u5ead\u53ca\u5c0f\u578b\u5546\u4e1a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u3001\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u6216\u751f\u6d3b\u7528\u6c34\u6c34\u8d28\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e0e\u51c0\u5316\u8bbe\u5907\u53ca\u5668\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\uff08RO\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u4ee5\u538b\u529b\u9a71\u52a8\u6c34\u5206\u5b50\u900f\u8fc7\u534a\u900f\u819c\uff0c\u5c06\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u76d0\u7c7b\u3001\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u6709\u673a\u7269\u622a\u7559\u4e8e\u6d53\u6c34\u4fa7\u7684\u819c\u5206\u79bb\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7eb3\u6ee4\uff08NF\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u5b54\u5f84\u4ecb\u4e8e\u8d85\u6ee4\u4e0e\u53cd\u6e17\u900f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u819c\u5206\u79bb\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8c\u4ef7\u79bb\u5b50\u4e0e\u90e8\u5206\u5c0f\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269\u5177\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u622a\u7559\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8d85\u6ee4\uff08UF\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u4ee5\u6570\u5341\u7eb3\u7c73\u91cf\u7ea7\u5b54\u5f84\u622a\u7559*\u3001\u80f6\u4f53\u4e0e\u5927\u5206\u5b50\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u819c\u5206\u79bb\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u65e0\u9700\u7528\u7535\u4e14\u4e0d\u4ea7\u751f\u6d53\u6c34\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u603b\u56fa\u4f53\uff08TDS\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u6c34\u4e2d\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u65e0\u673a\u76d0\u4e0e\u6709\u673a\u7269\u603b\u91cf\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u8868\u5f81\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u7c97\u7565\u53cd\u6620\u6c34\u7684\u77ff\u5316\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>NSF\/ANSI 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